Colobus Monkey :: essays papers

Colobus Monkey In Africa there are many types of animals, one of them is the Colobus Monkey. There are different types of Colobus Monkeys: there is the white Colobus, the red Colobus, and the olive Colobus. The Colobus Monkey is a long tailed tree living primate. The Colobus Monkey can be found all over Africa. The Monkey’s hair color varies from were the live. The Colobus Monkey is very unique. It comes in many types of color, is very active in social behavior and is very smart as shown in their lifestyle. The Colobus Monkey comes in many unique colors. The black and white Colobus is found across the equator of Africa. There are five species, among which the color varies from all black to a skunklike black and white pattern. Black and white Colobus monkeys weigh up to nine kg, or twenty pounds. They live in small social groups of about ten animals, that includes one adult male plus females and their offspring. The red Colobus Monkey is found across Africa from Zanzibar to Senegal. Their color is highly variable, ranging from a bright white and red in the monkeys of Eastern Africa to a dark gray and orange in Western African monkeys. They also weigh up to nine kg, or twenty pounds. Males are usually bigger than females. The red Colobus lives in large groups of up to one hundred individuals, including mostly males. It is a major prey of the chimpanzee in forest, where they both live. The olive Colobus is found in the forest of coastal West Africa. It is the most drably colored of the African Colobus Monkey, being a fairly uniform gray-brown. It weighs only ten pounds and lives in groups of six to eight individuals. After giving birth, the females sometimes carry their infants in their mouths. The red Colobus is a little bit smaller than the black and white group. The olive Colobus is the smallest of all at only four hundred fifty-mm. head and body length. â€Å"The Colobus Monkey doesn’t live in very many places. The Colobus Monkey lives in the tropical areas and forest. They are found in the tropical region of Africa.† (mcsd.org/webmac/schools/ogs/colobusmonk.htm) This backups information on where the primate is located.

Advice to a Friend on Choosing a Mistress Essay

In his message, Franklin advises his friend that marriage is the best solution not for only sexual desires but also the undisputable source of solid happiness. Having suspicions that his friend would not follow his guidance, Franklin recommends him to choose older mistresses instead of younger ones and lists eight valuables reasons to better support his argument. Franklin commences his essay by presenting advantages of the marriage. He says I know of no medicine fit to diminish the violent inclinations you mention†¦ Marriage is the proper remedy. It is most natural state of man and therefore the state in which you can are most likely to find solid happiness†. Through those sentences, Franklin seems to estimate that from a masculine’ view, one of the main advantages of the marriage is to bring pacification toward requirements of the flesh. The recipient of the letter who was the friend of the author seemed to be looking for a situation in which he could find sexual partner and happiness without commitment. Based on the previous quotes, the author claims that the best situation in which he could find hat he was looking for was a marriage. In his letter, Franklin advices his friend to settle because ‘ It is the man and woman together that make the complete human being†. If Franklin thinks that the marriage is so positive, this is relied to both psychological and socio-economical reasons. First all he is convinced that the married life is more balancing that the single lifetime. Franklin believes that a man who did not find the soul mate is in other words incomplete, unaccomplished by saying that A single man has not nearly the value he would have in that sate of union, He is an ncomplete animal. He resembles the odd half of a pair of scissors†. Based on this judgement, Franklin means that family life calms people; it is the natural arrangement in which they can organize their production’ strength with the most possible benefit. While Franklin affirms that together there are more likely to succeed in the world† there is no doubt that he is referring to the material success. Concerning the woman, it is only in a marriage that she can show up her real values. Through the letter, Franklin continues to give worthy reasons in order to convince the ecipient about getting married. Franklin having doubts that his friend would not consider his advice followed his representation of the marriage by an alternative solution to satisfy his needs. If his friend his not ready to commit and wants to continue a commerce with Sex inevitable†, he suggested that ‘ you should prefer old woman to young ones†. The first raison that Franklin used to support his case is that they nave more knowledge ot the world, and their minds are better stored witn observations, their conversation is more improving and more lastingly agreeable†. By affirming this, Franklin makes an allusion to the intelligence of older woman. He illustrates that people gain knowledge as they get older. They have, in principle knew more love stories or adventures than youngest ones, thus they better know men, know how to take care of them and also how to satisfy them. Franklin defends the idea that a debate with an old woman is rich and interesting, because they had been through many involvements from witch they had retains acquaintance. They have lived longer and have things to communicate to you. Franklin also supports his reference for older woman by saying that To maintain their influence over men, they supply the diminution of beauty by an augmentation of utility’. This is to illustrate that older woman, with the time spend less time worrying about their appearance, which they use to do more important stuff. To him, when beauty disappears, women improve their service. At their age, they assume their femininity and do so without any complex. Franklin, who was a man of science and also know as Lady Man’ also gave bodily motivation for choosing an older woman. He implies that ? because in every animal that walks upright the deficiency of the fluids that fill the muscles appears first in the highest part. The face first grows lank and wrinkled; then the neck; then the breast and arms; the lower parts continuing to the last as plump as ever: so that covering all above with a basket, and regarding only what is below the girdle, it is impossible of two women to tell an old one from a young one†. His purpose here is to assure his friend that there are no doubts or fear to have on the corporal pleasure of an old woman. According to him as in the dark all cats are rey, the pleasure of corporal enjoyment with an old woman is at least equal, and frequently superior†. This is to support that woman are woman regardless of age, an old woman can perform the same way as a young one concerning sexual experience. Sometimes, they are even considered superior. Through the note, Franklin by saying because there is no hazard of children, which irregularly produced may be attended with much inconvenience† refers to the fact that woman at a certain age can’t get pregnant. Thus while dating them the chance of being relied to them by omeone or something is null. This also makes the separation easier and leaves out others inconvenient that children can bring in a relationship. Across the letter, Franklin continues to encourage his friend to choose an old female if this last one persist in thinking a Commerce with the ser. He establishes a formal and highly analytical tone with his receiver about the discretion an old mistress can have in their relationship. He supports his suggestion by affirming that because through more experience they are more prudent and discreet in conducting an intrigue to revent suspicion. The commerce with them is therefore safer with regard to your reputation. From the following sentence, the author suggests that with an old woman, it is less probable that the relationship get revealed consequently with her you reputation will be at the shelter because they are more responsible in managing a relationship and they now what they want. Finally, Franklin ends up with his letter by saying † they are so grateful†™. Even though Franklin, in his letter gave an approved receipt to find the best mistress, it is obvious that considering as the ounding father his interest for marriage respond to others concern more important than the promotion ot the psych-to-emotional blooming.

Teenage Pregnancy Essay examples - 1012 Words

Teenage Pregnancy, Why is this Important Kimberly O. Johnson American Sentinel University Nursing 505: Theoretical Foundations Dr. Ami Bhatt December 30,2012 Teenage Pregnancy: Why is this Important Teen pregnancy is a critical public health issue that affects the health and educational, social and economic future of the mother and child. Teen pregnancy is also a significant factor in numerous other important social issues: welfare dependency, out-of-wedlock births, responsible fatherhood and workforce development are all of particular concern (Measuring, 2012). Adolescents are less likely to seek out prenatal care because they are afraid, embarrassed, or unaware of the resources available to them. This†¦show more content†¦The PRECEDE-PROCEED model is by far the most popular and most researched model in the field of health promotion and health education. It has been in existence for decades, and professional health educators are familiar with this model. It is very comprehensive and covers all areas of planning. The initiation of the model utilizes community inputs and participation (Sharma Romas, 2012). The Model calls for a deductive approach to assessing populations unmet needs. In the state of Virginia, there are several factors that influence teen pregnancy rates. Young women may be at higher risk for teen pregnancy if they: use alcohol and/or other drugs, drop out of school, lack involvement in school/family/community, perceive little or no opportunity for success, live in a community or attend a school where early childbearing is common, grow up under impoverished conditions, have been victims of sexual abuse/assault, have a mother aged 19 or younger when she gave birth, or began dating at age 12 years old (Measuring, 2012). Virginia works to deliver access to and availability of: family-planning services, children’s access to primary care providers, mental health and substance abuse services, adolescent well-care visits, pediatric mental health services and chemical dependency services. Virginia’s efforts are based on the core idea that preventing teen pregnancy should be approached notShow MoreRelatedTeenage Pregnancy2330 Words   |  10 PagesAdolescent pregnancy is considered as a pregnancy in a female who is less than 20 years of age at the end of the pregnancy. It can occur in a fertile female either at puberty before the occurrence of her first menstrual period, or after the first period. The first menstrual period in nourished girls occurs at around 12 or 13 years of age. Pregnant teenagers experience many issues similar to other women. However, there would be other medical issues for mothers under 15 years. Teenage mothers ofRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Teen Pregnancy2089 Words   |  9 Pageswas at a store when I came across a very young girl. She must have been no older than seventeen, but was so obviously pregnant. This did not surprise me since this is something common here in the Imperial Valley; we have such a high rate of teen pregnancy. What really caught my attention was that she was not alone; she had in her cart a toddler that kept referring her to mom. All I could think of was that such a young girl should not be concerned with raising a child, especially not two. Most youngRead MoreTeen Pregnancy And Teenage Pregnancy2011 Words   |  9 Pagesproblems among teenagers is teen pregnancy. Throughout high school and college, teenagers are getting pregnant at an age they are incapable of taking care of a child. Along with hearing about teens getting pregnant, television shows are displaying it to you like 16 and Pregnant. Though the pregnancy rates have fallen over previous years, the United States still has the highest rates than any other Western industrialized country. Along with the teen pregnancies comes sexually transmitted diseasesRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Teenage Pregnancies1364 Words   |  6 PagesThe amount of teenage pregnancies in America has skyrocketed in the last few decades. Young, uneducated children are having sexual intercourse without a clear understanding of the serious consequents behind their actions, but it is not entirely their fault because their parents and school’s curriculum have failed to bestow a clear and concise grasp of sex. Sexual education is typically incorporated into an academic setting either in middle school or high school when an adolescent is hitting pubertyRead MoreThe Factors Of Teenage Pregnancy1558 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy is normally i dentified as a deprived life choice, for example, tasks of teenage parenting have long-term impact on the mental health of the mother and children (Statistics New Zealand, 2003). It is important to identify the socioeconomic factors of teenage pregnancy to lower the chances of mental health problems in young mothers. In this paper the aim is to analyse the main socioeconomic factors of teenage pregnancy and discuss how it affects the mental health of an adolescent motherRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy825 Words   |  4 PagesTeenage Pregnancy In 2014 Oklahoma City had the second highest teen birth rate in the United States at 38.5 pregnancies per 1000; the national average is 24.2 per 1000 (Grigson, 2016). Changing the health behaviors that lead to teenage pregnancy should be a #1 priority for healthcare workers and within the community. In order to have a positive impact on this target population, there needs to be increased awareness of the outcomes of teenage pregnancy, and more importantly how to change the healthRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Teen Teens903 Words   |  4 Pagesmay make, on average, $20,000 to $40,000 a year. The reality of teenage pregnancies can cause many disturbances in an adolescent s life. High school pregnancies are not glitz and glamour like television may portray, in reality, expecting teenage mothers are not exposed to that fashionable life that most teenagers strive for. A student s normal like will be affected by problems with friends, family, and emotional experiences. Teenage friendships are what shapes a human into the people that they becomeRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy : A Social Issue1551 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy rates have been declining in the United States, but when compared to pregnancy rates in other industrial countries such as Canada and the United Kingdom they are still relatively high. (Office of Adolescent Health, 2016). Teenage pregnancy is defined by UNICEF, as an adolescent between the ages of thirteen to nineteen becoming pregnant. (UNICEF Malaysia Communications). Teenage pregnancy is viewed as a social issue because of the way it affects a country’s economy, the mother andRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy1812 Words   |  8 PagesTeenage Pregnancy I. Introduction Teenage pregnancy is one of the major problem that the world is facing today. Early pregnancy or teenage pregnancy is dangerous to teenage girls’ health because it may cause cervical cancer, aids, and eventually death. Teenage pregnancies are often associated with an increased rate of delinquent behaviors including alcohol and substance abuse. To begin with, majority of them belong to the low income group. To prevent this dilemma, there are some preventionsRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Teen Pregnancy1546 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy is pregnancy in human females under the age of 20 at the time that the pregnancy ends. Low-income communities have the highest teenage pregnancy rates in the United States. Because of the fact that this is a very controversial issue in the United States, it is very important that most questions be addressed. Questions like, why is a teenage girl in Mississippi four times as likely to give birth as a teenage girl in New Hampshire? Or why is the teen birth rate in Massachusetts 19

The Duality of Human Nature in Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and...

Stevenson uses the characters of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde to expresses his beliefs about human duality by introducing them as two contrasting characters, instead of just one character. Using two completely different characters with different names and appearances gets his message of human duality across more effectively rather than using just one character that turns a different colour when its angry, for example. We meet Mr Hyde, â€Å"a pale, dwarfish man† â€Å"of no particular age†, and we meet Dr Jekyll, a â€Å"large, well-made man of fifty† with a â€Å"large handsome face†. The way Stevenson describes them as opposites makes us think that they are infact two people, but as Stevenson builds up the clues throughout the book we realise that they are†¦show more content†¦Stevenson is trying to tell us that everybody has evil inside of them and has a curiosity about their darker side. Jekyll seems to be in control of his desires and temptations but as Hyde he can fulfil them and not feel guilty. Stevenson is stating that everybody has evil inside of the, wanting to get out and that everyone gets a thrill of letting it out sometimes. As Jekyll thinks he’s in control of Hyde, his addiction to his darker side spirals out of control and he transforms into Hyde without taking the potion. Hyde’s character is gaining strength and Jekyll is getting weaker. Jekyll gets weaker because he is getting weaker at controlling Hyde. By becoming Hyde and letting his evil side out, he has made live harder for himself because now he wont be able to get rid of Hyde as he once said he could. Hyde has now overpowered Jekyll and is in control. Everybody has good and evil inside them. The good in you should always be in control because if you let your evil side out too much it will take control of you and change you, just like Hyde changed Jekyll. Stevenson’s intention is to express that Hyde represents the dark side inside of everybody and he explains how letting your evil side out can affect your life when he tells us that â€Å" the dark influence of Hyde had been withdrawn, the doctor has returnedShow MoreRelatedJekyll And Hyde Character Analysis968 Words   |  4 PagesRobert Louis Stevenson’s novel, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, explores the duality of human nature. He writes this novel to show us that humans have split personalities, and that there are two sides to human’s personality: good and evil. In the late-Victorian literature, duality appears to be a common theme; serving as a way for modern readers to analyze late-Victorian literature and culture. Stevenson weaves throughout the novel a theme of duality + which appears in the characters ofRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Where Dr. Jekyll 1163 Words   |  5 Pages(Aronson 2) Being from Edinburgh, Stevenson was surrounded with t he well-known tales of the past and a history of duality in his hometown. Deacon Brodie and Dr. Knox were both from Edinburgh and both lived â€Å"double-lives†, this undoubtedly had a major impact upon Stevenson’s imagination and later his writings. (Stefan 5) â€Å"While growing up Stevenson had a friend and the son of Sir James Simpson, the developer of medical anesthesia, the two friends would â€Å"experiment† with chloroform, for the enjoymentRead MoreStevensons Representation of Good and Evil in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde1522 Words   |  7 PagesStevensons Representation of Good and Evil in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde In this piece of coursework, I am asked to first of all, discuss how the novel is mainly concerned with the struggle between good and evil. Next, I will be moving on to discovering the historical, social, and cultural issues of the novel; this will discus what Stevensons literary influences were. Subsequently, I will be exploring the actual evil character oh Mr. Edward Hyde; thisRead More The Representation of Evil in Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe Representation of Evil in Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde This essay will show how evil is represented in Robert Louis Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is about evil and the duality of peoples personalities. To show this I will focus on Stevensons use of characterization, setting, historical, social and cultural context, settings, symbols and language. Robert Stevenson lived in the Victorian era, this was a very repressiveRead MoreDr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1348 Words   |  6 Pagesmore creative interpretation of the original text. Victor Flemming’s 1941 adaptation of Robert Louis Stevenson’s Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde brings two new female characters to the screen, adding to the duality of the story. The women, Beatrix an Ivy, are opposing figures: Beatrix being Jekyll’s pure and loyal fiancà ©e, and Ivy a strong-willed sexual icon. In this 1941 adaptation of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the characters Ivy and Beatrix are not only important allegorical catalysts, but also portray theRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1126 Words   |  5 Pages_______, â€Å"there is an almost tragic duality between outer and inner worlds, between the rush of experience and the immobility of awareness†. Robert Louis Stevenson’s 1886 novel, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, brilliantly exemplifies the philosophical phenomenon that is the duality of hu man nature through the 2 main characters that coexist interdependently together, Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde. According to Webster’s dictionary, the duplicity of human beings is based on the contradictoryRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1675 Words   |  7 PagesThe Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay Robert Louis Stevenson’s novella, â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,† is a type of Gothic literature. In the beginning of the story when Stevenson is describing the lawyer, one â€Å"Mr. Utterson,† the mood is a bit dull. At first glance the reader may think that this story would be a bit boring and drab. Stevenson’s story is far from being another dull piece of British English literature. The setting and mood of this novella are more complexRead MoreGrendel Essay761 Words   |  4 PagesDuality of Good and Evil Robert Louis Stevenson, a famous Scottish writer, once said, â€Å"All human beings are commingled out of good and evil.† Not one person is completely good or evil; everyone possesses both characteristics. In the literary pieces of John Gardner’s, â€Å"Grendel,† unknown author of, â€Å"Beowulf,† and Robert Louis Stevenson’s, â€Å"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,† the characters are portrayed as having both qualities of good and evil, proving there to be a duality of decency/immorality, righteousness/depravityRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1326 Words   |  6 Pagesbegan resisting this sense of order and questioning accepted roles and beliefs. Robert Louis Stevenson’s novel, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was published during the late Victorian era, but he clearly brings into question the acceptance of Victorian philosophies, especially the belief that one truth exists and that we can identify good and evi l as separate entities. The names Jekyll and Hyde have become synonymous with multiple personality disorder. This novel can be examined from theRead MoreThe Literature of the Victorian Period1090 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde† by Stevenson Book Analysis â€Å"North and South† by Gaskell Book Report Example of Literature Review essay, Sample Paper Introduction The literature of the Victorian period is the synonymy of oppositions. Some of the oppositions introduced by this period are to be considered â€Å"vital† as they deal with the major human values. The list of the works known to be the best representations of the Victorian world outlook is very long; nevertheless some works are to be highlighted

Immigration Is A Whole Other Playing Field Of Racial...

The demographics of immigration is a whole other playing field of racial stereotypes. It s a safe bet, for instance to go to any state and ask the question, â€Å"when you think of immigration, what race comes to mind?† Most people would say that Latinos make up the majority of immigration into the US. This idea, in reality is actually very true. Out of all immigrants into the US Latinos make up 51.6%! Out of that percentage 53% are male. Many Latino immigrants are anywhere between the ages of 18 and 64, this age range makes up 79.7% of all Latino immigrants. Most these men come here to find work. Out of this 51.6%, 25% reside in California. To show the vast majority of Latino immigrants the runner up with percentage of immigration are people born in Asia, with 30.1% of all immigration. That s an astonishing 20% difference. As for international immigration to the US more males come here than females, 47% of immigrants are female while, 53% are male. Most of these men that come have families at home. They make the journey over in hopes of providing for their families. Upon entry to the United States immigrants from all around the world are met with the harsh stereotypes that not only many Americans share but also the rest of the world. Following an immigrant s journey into the United States we begin with the idea of how they made it in in the first place. The most common notion, that is falsely held is: they are lawless, alien people crossing country lines without properShow MoreRelatedASAM 5 Notes Essay6590 Words   |  27 Pagesconsciousness It is peculiar sensation, this double-consciousness, this sense of always looking at ones self through the eyes of others, of measuring ones soul by the tape of a world that looks on in Two voices of contemporary double consciousness Two different life narrative: Jay Z up from poverty, west on the anxieties of middle class black Similar conflict, reconciling racial otherness with wealth aspiration marked by whiteness Watch the throne: (2011) A love letter to affluence A negotiationRead MoreAn Introduction to Intercultural Communication29172 Words   |  117 PagesAn Introduction to Intercultural Communication Intercultural communication is of importance to international businesses as it examines how people from different cultures, beliefs and religions come together to work and communicate with each other. Demands for intercultural communication skills are increasing as more and more businesses go global or international. They realize that there are barriers and limitations when entering a foreign territory. Without the help of intercultural communicationRead MoreIdentity And The Search For The Self Among The Sub Continental Diaspora10173 Words   |  41 Pageswas trivialised by interest in the inner constituent of an individual’s choices and preferences, personality traits, affiliation to organisations, activities and material possessions. The concept of Identity has been defined and studied in different fields of studies ranging from Psychology, Anthropology, Sociology and Cultural Studies. Recent trends in Psychology on Identity Theory: In the recent past identity is seen as a self-narrative which is held as the base for the construct of a person’s identityRead MoreBritish Culture11529 Words   |  47 PagesSCC UK: Government and Monarchy Chapter 1. Country and People The British Isles lie off the north-west coast of Europe. It consists of two great isles and several much smaller ones. - Great Britain is the largest Island. - Ireland is the other large one. There are two states: - The Republic of Ireland - The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland The last state mentioned above is more familiar known as: - ‘the United Kingdom’ or ‘UK’ The adjective used in this contextRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesof the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. 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Differences in the Myths of the Toad, the Snake, and the Medicine Free Essays

The Limba people of Africa live in different villages, and each village puts its own spin on the myths that are passed down from generation to generation. One of these myths focuses on the god Kanu making medicine to immortalize the Limba, and the destruction of that medicine by the toad. We will write a custom essay sample on Differences in the Myths of the Toad, the Snake, and the Medicine or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are three versions of the myth of the destruction of the medicine, but they vary in several ways. The first myth, â€Å"The Toad Did Not Love Us,† suggests that the toad dropped the medicine Kanu gave him on purpose. Although most Biblical tales paint the snake as a dangerous creature, in this myth the snake loved the people. This myth implies that Kanu finds it strange that the people kill the snake, but not the toad, considering that the snake loved them. This myth is also different because it mentions the â€Å"white people,† so the reader can be fairly sure that this myth was either thought up after European colonization, or it was modified to add them. The second myth, â€Å"The Toad and the Snake,† tells that Kanu wanted to save both animals and people. Again, the toad insisted on carrying the human portion, and again he spilled it, but not out of ill will. The snake carried his portion, and arrived with it safely. While this myth is still about why the people die, it also points out that snakes live forever because of their medicine. Perhaps this idea came from seeing molted snake skins. The skin might come off, but the snake lived forever. The last myth, â€Å"The Toad and Death,† is a short version of the same myth, but it only concentrates on how the snake and toad feel about each other. They are enemies because they perpetually argue about who should have carried the medicine. This is not because one loved the people more than the other. It is simply a rivalry that goes on for eternity. This myth serves more as an explanation of why snakes and toads do not get along rather than why people die. These three short myths show how stories change as they are passed around and told by different people with different influences. It is intriguing to see how one tribe could have such varied views on the same tale. How to cite Differences in the Myths of the Toad, the Snake, and the Medicine, Papers

Pros and Cons of Managing Endangered Species My assignment help

Question: Discuss about the Pros and Cons of Managing Endangered Species ? Answer: Introduction Tiriri Matangi is an island located in the Hauraki Gulf for the Conservation and management of endangered plants and animal species. The island covers an approximate area of two hundred and twenty hectares. The Tiriri Matangi Island has transformed into an open sanctuary for both Aucklanders and the Rest of the World. The goals and aims of the management plans since 1982-2013 have been implemented. Tiriri Matangi island management plans was first developed in the year 1982, followed by the Tiriri Matangi working Plan of 1997 and then the biodiversity Plan 2013 all with the aim of preserving endangered species of animals and plants. The Management plans have providing quarantine protocols for the island management which has contributed to the salvage and survival of some of the island affected endangered species. Pros and Cons of Managing Endangered Species. Predominantly, the fear of extinction is the drive behind management of endangered species. Endangered species could comprise of different species of flora and fauna .Management of endangered species is based on social, Economics and ecological implications (Mazzotti , n.d.).Notably, management of endangered species promotes eco-tourism which translates into government revenue. Further, management of endangered species creates employment opportunities for the staff involved in the management (Bonello,2006)( In addition, endangered species can be a wake-up call on environmental degradation .For instance, population decline among bald eagles for tales the dangers of DDT .Moreover, environmental quality can be monitored through management of endangered species like the Florida Sport fish and largemouth bass population decrease which alerted the world of mercury poisoning in freshwater sources . According to the Tiriri Matangi Island Biodiversity Plan,2013,through the management of brush wattles further spread has been prevented which is a positive move due to the negative effects of these weed species. Moreover, a lot of research and experiments have been made thereby progressing knowledge on endangered species. Also, management has enabled species monitoring and translocation .Poor management of protected areas has hampered proper management of these endangered species (World Global ,n.d)..Also ,reintroduction of these species could be costly than conserving(Clun,2017) Further ,interbreeding and population increase has been made easy through centralized management to mean it is easy for endangered species to reproduce due to the close vicinity of reproductive agents as opposed to different locations out in the wild and world(Jameison, Wallis and Briskie,2006) Further, theres protection, population health monitoring under management (Illinois DNR ,n.d.)Also, breeding, selective or inbreeding is easier in a centralized setup. However, management can be disadvantageous for gathering information due to pretentious behavior by species and unfavorable living conditions for endangered species. Noteworthy, feeding habits may be affected under seclusion and it may be expensive for the management to run the management operations at conservation areas (World Global ,n.d.).Also, adaptation into new environment may have negative consequences on the species in and out of the conservation area In addition, endangered species may be exposed to ailments leading to population reduction .Negatively, management may limit genetic diversity among the species and the fact that the species are out of their natural habitat could have disastrous consequences on the endangered species population. Habitat Restoration Program. The restoration of the Tiriri Matangi as a habitat for endangered species began in the year 1984 characterized by translocation of endangered species, re-vegetation and control of invasive species. The restoration of the Tiriri Matangi Island began with the incorporation of the island into Hauraki Gulf maritime Park in the year 1975-78 and gazettement into a recreational and scientific reserve l reserve in1978 and 1980 respectively. Notably, in 1983 a nursery was established with a public vision of restoration which officially began in 1984 with the planting of a six percent vegetative cover (Galbraith and Cooper, 2013)Additionally, the eradication of the Pacific rat(kiore) in 1993 was part of the habitat restoration move .Further ,some plant species were recovered on the island in the year 2004 among them the common gecko. Translocation of endangered species occurred between the years 0f 1973 to 2011. Since the onset of the restoration program, annual weed control programs have been conducted to restore habitat for the endangered species in the island. Habitat re-vegetation comprised of re-afforestation efforts and habitat enhancement through nutritional additions .The Tiriri working plan of 1982 advocated for habitat enhancement as compared to natural regeneration (Tiriri Working plan, 1997) Habitat restoration included replanting, use of seed pollinating birds and kiore eradication. Aims and Goal of the Management Plan. Primarily, The Tiriri Matangi working plan of 1982 sought to create an open sanctuary for the natives of Auckland to explore native plants and animals. The goal was to revegetate the island ,introduce new endangered species and to provide a controlled recreational activity. The Tiriri Matangi working Plan of 1997 aim was to restore Tiriri Matangi island as a sanctuary open for indigenous plants and animals reproduction. Also, the plan aimed to protect integrity of indigenous site linked to the Maori existence .The goal of the management plan was to actively enhance the habitat for endangered species. The Tiriri Matangi Biodiversity Plan 2013 seeks to manage endangered vegetation, invertebrates, reptiles, birds, bats, freshwater ecosystems and weed species on the Tiriri Matangi Island. Further, the management plan is based on increasing population of the endangered species and ensuring their survival having been advocated for by friend of the Tiriri Matangi sanctuary. According to the 1982 working plan the goal was to conserve the Island .Further, the 2013 Biodiversity goal is re-afforestation and introduction of foreign plants and animal species. In addition, the biodiversity management plan seeks to offer a science-based research site for indigenous plants and animals and ensure viability and exemplary performance of indigenous species. Also, increasing endangered species biodiversity and provision of conservation sanctuary for endangered species is part of the objectives mapped out by the Tiriri Matangi management plan. Also, the Tiriri Matangi working plan 1982 advocated for habitat restoration and enhancement. For the bat restoration program, pregnant bats are captured and the offspring relocated to other island. Following the invasion by argentine ant in 2001, the intense application of the xtinguish ant bait helped restore the ecology of the invertebrates (Tiriri Matangi, 2013) Justification for methodology, ecological theory of habitat restoration. Notably, Ecological theory subscribes to renewal and restoration of damaged or degraded habitats or ecosystems through human intervention .Primarily, habitat restoration increases the survival chances of endangered species due to the familiarity of the environment. Further, habitat restoration creates suitable environment for the existence of species thereby maintaining a balance of nature such as air quality, nitrogen fixation e.t.c.. In addition, habitat renewal prevent overall environmental degradation which is utmost for survival of all living things. Pest control Pests control is governed by the Conservancy Rodent contingency Plan .For wasps , monitoring and control programs have been implemented to deal with the Asian paper wasps competing for food in the island .For weed control, the conservancy weed control manual procedures and guidelines. Notably, the Tiriri Matangi Working plan 1997introduced the conservancy rodent contingency plan which incorporated the use of rodent free rooms ,inspection of goods and bait locations for monitoring purposes .Further ,monitoring and control programs are implemented to protect the endangered species from pests .Further ,invasive species eradication programs have been effective in Europe and South America. Noteworthy, New Zealand has undertaken two hundred mega eradications (Owens, 2017)Lacing of bait locations with poisonous substances has proved successful for invasive pests globally. Notably ,the New Zealand government incurred $3.5m in the eradication of invasive mammals in two islands .Ideally, theres need to embrace technological advancements in controlling invasive pests and mammals in New Zealand such as drones, genetic based biocontrol and drives and traps with minimal human supervision. For species recovery ,firstly, ,research is conducted to identify causation factors then security measures are put in place to secure the endangered species and then the recovery process begins(Wickes and Crouchley et,al,2007-12Maintenance is the last step to species recovery based on the species recovery optimization framework Animal re-introduction plan Notably, animal reintroduction into the island is governed by advocacy, sanctuary and species management with the aim of providing safety, increase survival chances and furthering awareness. Noteworthy, Massey University and SOTM have collaborated on reintroducing thirty-two captive bred and sixty wild captured gecko s to the Tiriri Matangi Island. Following the release of the Geckos, monitoring will follow thereby affirming the decision whether to reintroduce other species after ensuring the experimental species are able to survive and thrive in the island (Tiriri Matangi Working plan ,2013)The introduction of captive-bred sixteen captive-born Przewalskis horses back into the wild by the Mongolian government is an example of animal reintroduction(Laidlow,2001) Further, animal re-introduction usually involves the release of captive endangered species into the wild after they have been released from seclusion. The first reintroduction on Tiriri island was of the kakariki in 1974(Armstrong, 1999) Further, there was bird relocation, Hihi in 1995 and 1996. Also, Karori wildlife sanctuary re-introduced 94 Bellbirds. According to the Tiriri Matangi working plan of 1997, the re-introduction of reptiles back into the land could be done systemically with species likely to be re-introduced in its early stages as proof of ground eating birds ,followed by species to be re-introduced at the shorelines and rare species which were likely part of the founding species will only be released if the habitat ,security and material for release are available. After which, other species can be reintroduced into the island. For Birds reintroduction, the guidelines are provided by the Bird conservation programs which stipulate that the reintroduction could be done based on self-introductions and the ability of the endangered bird species to re-establish itself in the Tiriri island. Noteworthy, the Saddleback species established itself in 1984. Further, the Brown teal was reintroduced in 1987 from Curver with successful breeding at the island. Monitoring and research in species recovery Monitoring and research are vital for species recovery due to the fact that through monitoring the reaction of endangered species under the new location can be monitored and in case of negative reaction the same can be attended to promptly .Further, research has enabled management of endangered species to develop safe species recovery though failed and successful previous research, modifications have been made to make the recovery process smooth and comfortable for the endangered species. Also ,monitoring brings to attention the problems affecting the species thereby prompting recovery .Besides, species recovery process is intertwined with monitoring and research(English Nature,2001)Monitoring offers predictions into species recovery(Campbell,Clark,et.al,2002)Monitoring. Quarantine protocols Tiriri Matangi quarantine protocols are put in place to guarantee the safety and survival of endangered species in the island .Noteworthy, severs biosafety measures have been put in place .For instance ,gateways have been erected at departure points with biosafety monitors .entry inspecting are thoroughly done to detect any biosecurity concerns(Tiriri Matangi plan,2013)in the case of Argentine ant or Rainbow skink, sourcing of future plants from free infecting sites is done .Further ,freight machinery and auto motives are sanitized to prevent spread of the biosecurity concern according to the DOC framework and guidelines .Also, sealing of shop stock and small scale equipment and tools is effected as a quarantine measure. For weed invasion, theres constant monitoring and eradication procedures under the Tiriri Matangi weed control manual which prescribes its quarantine procedures .In the case of pathogens, animal translocation and seclusion is implemented followed by screen tests and us of samples methodologies approved by DOC. Conclusion. Significantly, there are benefits for managing endangered species. Employment opportunities for island management personnel, revenue for the government, population and genetic diversity of the endangered species have thrived under the management of the Tiriri Matangi Island. However, there are challenges in managing endangered flora and fauna among them poor management ,expensive to run the island sanctuary ,exposure to different diseases by the endangered species among other concerns .Arguably, the pros outshines the cons of endangered species management which has been implemented on the Tiriri Matangi Island. Largely ,the island management plan has sustained the survival of endangered species through habitat and species restoration initiatives and quarantine measure References Armstrong, D. 1999. Tiriri Matangi: Restoration programme. Massey University .Retrieved from https://www.massey.ac.nz/~darmstro/tiri.htm Bonello, J. (2006) Protecting Endangered Species Helps Reduce poverty.Worldwildlife.Org. Retrieved from https://www.worldwildlife.org/press-releases/protecting-endangered-species-helps-reduce-poverty Campbell, P.S., Clark, A.J et.al.(2002)An Assessment of monitoring efforts in endangered species recovery plans. Online Library. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012%5B0674:AAOMEI%5D2.0.CO;2/abstract Clun ,R.(2017)Why we shouldnt bring back extinct species. The Sydney Morning Herald. 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